Friday, July 26, 2013

1. If you suspect abruption, get these on mom: type&screen, coagulation studies, IV access, continuous monitoring of her vitals (esp HR and BP)
2. Abruption  management. If either mom or fetus is unstable, deliver at any age. If mom and fetus are stable, deliver after 36 weeks.
3. IM progesterone to prevent preterm labor, vaginal progesterone to prevent cervical incompentence.
4. Cerclage: place between 12-14 weeks (wait until risk of miscarriage is low). No later than 20 (if fetus is viable, cerclage needle might theoretically go through amniotic sac).
5. Indications for cerclage:
  • history (2+ 2nd trim losses, 3+ preterm births & risk factors), 
  • ultrasound (hx of spontaenous birth + cervix <25 mm @24 weeks),
  • physical exam (>4 cm dilation at <24 weeks)
6. Trans-abdominal cerclage: higher up on the cervix, possibly more effective. Permanent-- c-section required.
7. Sickle cell drugs CI in pregnancy: hydroxyurea, iron chelators. Need 5 mg of folate a day (normal: 0.4-1 mg). Also, many are iron-overloaded, so avoid iron in prenatal vitamins. 
8. Triggers for pain crises/acute chest: dehydration, infection, acidosis, hypoxia, cold. Higher risk for pre-eclampsia. Screen aggressively for that and for UTI. 
9. Alloimmunity more common in SCA patients. If possible, try to match not only for ABO Rh antigens, also match for C, E, and Kell antigens. (duffy dies, kell kills, lewy lives)
10. Gastroischesis: usually right of midline, due to vascular incident, not covered by peritoneum. Omphalocele: @ midline. 

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