1. Malignant Hyperthermia:
-50% AD inherited mutations in ryanodine/dihydropurine, 50% spontaneous
-Risk factors: myopathies, muscular dystrophies, people susceptible to rhabdo.
-Early Clinical signs: muscle (esp masseter) contraction, hypercarbia (ET CO2>60), respiratory acidosis (aerobic metabolism) and metabolic acidosis (anaerobic metabolism)
-Late clinical signs: hyperthermia (up to 45 deg C, can increase at 1 degree every 5 mins), hyperkalemia leading to v-tac, v-fib, bigeminy, myoglobinuria
-Can happen anytime intra or postop
2. Treatment/Prevention of MH:
-Prevention: Avoid succinylcholine, all potent inhaled agents esp halothane. Use propofol, alone or with NO.
-Treatment: Turn off agent, run 100% O2 at max settings to flush out inhaled agent, give dantrolene (can give multiple times if it doesn't work), run fast VBG to detect hyperkalemia, treat if its present, watch CK/myoglobin levels.
3. Treatment of hyperthyroid
-Propanolol decreases symptoms and prevents peripheral T4 to T3 conversion
-PTU is faster-onset than methimazole, but more toxic (hepatitis, vasculitis, agranulocytosis)
-Methimazole is slower onset an relatively safer, although can also cause agranulocytosis
-Wolff-chaikoff effect: large doses of iodine prevents release/synthesis/organificaiton of thyroid hormone. Lasts around 10 days, after which there is an escape phenomenon (downreg of Na-I symporters, decreasing internal iodine concentration). Thought to be mechanism of hypothyroidism caused by iodine containing drugs (amiodarone).
4. Hyperthyoid & anesthesia 
-Don't use anticholinergics, as they may contribute to increased HR
-Paralytics OK
-Don't use aspirin, as it prevents thyroid hormone from binding to thyroglobulin and can increase free concentrations of thyroid hormone.
-Don't use desflurane, as if you infuse a lot of it fast it can stimulate the symp nervous system.
-Regional anesthesia may be preferable, as it causes sympathetcomy. Don't use epinephrine in your lidocaine... obviously.
-Epidural > spinal as it is slower onset, less acute perturbations of vital signs
5. Intraop Hyperthyroid 
-Operate on someone only if it is emergent, delay all other surgery until euthyroid
-IV esomolol during surgery-- short acting, fast off, B1 selective. Goal HR <85
-If you need phenylephrine, use less because there is increased sensitivity
-Thryoid storm usually happens 6-18 hours postop, rather than intraop. Treat with chilled fluids, esmolol drip.
6. GERD can present a lot like an MI: both can cause severe midsternal squeezing chest pain, both can be relieved by nitroglycerin (can relieve esophageal spasm)
7. Open cholecystectomies require subcostal incisions that hurt, and as a result people don't breathe well afterwards and frequently end up with pneumonia or atelectasis and prolonged, complicated hospital stays. Lap choles are safer, even in obese patients with restrictive lung disease where you're worried about being able to ventilate them.
8. Open prostatectomies can be complex too as they can be associated with a lot of bleeding. In lap/robotic prostatectomies, it's really tough to ventilate because people need to be in very steep trendelenburg, and all of their abdominal contents press hard on their lungs; their ET CO2 may go up to 60s. You also have to be careful of fluids because they can get head edema pretty quickly-- run these cases pretty dry.
9. Hyperglycemia is much better in surgery than hypoglycemia; its ok to be high 100s, 200s. If someone is a touch low, run them on D5 or D10 drip; if they're really low (like 40s) then give them half an amp of D50 bolus.
10. If you need to run a lot of fluids (i.e. trauma, hemorrhage), you want at least a 16 gauge IV, with the following locations in descending order of preference: antecubital/peripheral > subclavian/IJ/femoral >> IO line >>> venous cut-down.